This study investigates whether ultrasound-guided medial branch blocks (USBs) are as valid as fluoroscopy-guided blocks (FLBs) for selecting patients for cervical facet joint radiofrequency neurotomy (CRFN), using post-treatment outcomes as the standard of comparison.
In this retrospective matched cohort study, outcomes for 27 patients who underwent USBs were compared with 38 patients who received FLBs, with both groups undergoing CRFN. Pain intensity and disability scores (NRS and PDQQ-Spine) significantly improved in both groups 3 months after CRFN, with no meaningful differences between USB and FLB. The proportion of patients achieving clinically significant pain relief, both in magnitude and duration, was also comparable between the two groups.
This is the first study to directly compare the predictive validity of ultrasound- versus fluoroscopy-guided medial branch blocks using CRFN outcome as the criterion. It supports the use of ultrasound as a valid, lower-cost, radiation-free alternative to fluoroscopy—particularly in experienced hands—when selecting patients for CRFN. However, operator skill and appropriate patient selection remain critical, especially for lower cervical levels.
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